Article
· Nov 12, 2017 3m read

Advent of Code 2016 Day12: Leonardo's Monorail

This is a series of programming challenges for beginners and experienced Caché programmers.

For an introduction : go to article https://community.intersystems.com/post/advent-code-2016-day1-no-time-ta...

Today, you need to make a compiler for the language assembunny.
Luckily, this language has only 4 instructions :

 

cpy x y copies x (either an integer or the value of a register) into register y.
inc x increases the value of register x by one.
dec x decreases the value of register x by one.
jnz x y jumps to an instruction y away (positive means forward; negative means backward), but only if x is not zero.


For example :

cpy 41 a
inc a
inc a
dec a
jnz a 2
dec a

After executing these instructions, the register a would contain 42.

Full explanations are on http://adventofcode.com/2016/day/12, you will find your input at http://adventofcode.com/2016/day/12/input.


After executing all instructions of your input, what will be the contents of register a ?

No big challenges in this exercise : we can start at the first instruction, execute each instruction (set a register or jump a few instructions) and move 1 instruction forward (except for instruction jnz).
When we executed the last one, we can display the contents of register a.

Here is the code  (Bert and I had similar code) :

Class AOC2016.Day12 Extends AOC2016.Utils
{

ClassMethod Part(file As %String = "day12.txt", part As %Integer = 1)
{
  #Dim iInput as %Integer
  #Dim input,instruction, param1, param2 as %String
  #Dim var, register, line as %String

  For var="a","b","c","d" Set register(var)=0
  If part'=1 set register("c")=1 ;only for challenge 2

  Try {
    Do ..Input(file, .input)
    Set iInput = 1
    While iInput '> input {
      Set line = input(iInput)
      Set instruction=$Piece(line," ",1)
      Set param1=$Piece(line," ",2)
      Set param2=$Piece(line," ",3)
      If instruction = "cpy" {
        Set register(param2)=$Select($Data(register(param1)):register(param1),1:param1)
elseIf instruction = "inc" {
        Set register(param1) = register(param1) + 1
elseIf instruction = "dec" {
        Set register(param1) = register(param1) - 1
elseIf instruction = "jnz" {
        If $Select($Data(register(param1)):register(param1),1:param1)'=0 {
          Set iInput = iInput + param2 -1 //-1 since every loop will do +1 anyway
        }
      } 
      Set iInput = iInput + 1
    }
  catch {
    Write "Error : ",$ZError,!
  }
  Write "register a = ",register("a"),!
}

}


After submitting our answer, the second challenge is unlocked : we just need to initialize register c to 1, which will cause the instructions to loop a lot more, but the execution time is not bad.
 


Look here for all our solutions so far : https://bitbucket.org/bertsarens/advent2016 and https://github.com/DannyWijnschenk/AdventOfCode2016

 

Here is the list of all Advent of Code 2016 articles  :

1  2  3  4  5  6  7  8  9  10  11  12  13  14  15  16  17  18  19  20  21  22  23  24  25 

Discussion (1)0
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I also solved this task, and I decided to choose a bit different way. As we have some kind of programming language, we can execute it, but how. We can transpile this code to Caché code, and execute it. 

  kill
  set fs = ##Class(%Stream.FileCharacter).%New()
  set sc=fs.LinkToFile("c:\advent\input\day12.txt")
  set src($i(src(0))) = "start(c) new (c)"
  while 'fs.AtEnd {
    set line = fs.ReadLine()
    set pos = $i(src(0))
    set code = $$transpile(line, pos, "start")
    set src(pos) = code
  }
  set src($i(src(0))) = " zwrite a"
  set src($i(src(0))) = " quit"
  set sc = $compile(src, 0, errs, , , , "AdventDay12New")
  do start^AdventDay12New()
  do start^AdventDay12New(1)
  quit
transpile(line, pos = 0, label) {
  set result = ""  
  set $lb(cmd, arg1, arg2) = $lfs(line," ")
  if cmd = "jnz" {
    if +arg1=arg1 set result = " goto:("_arg1_") "_label_"+"_(pos+arg2-1)
    else  set result = " goto:(+$get("_arg1_")) "_label_"+"_(pos+arg2-1)
  elseif $lf($lb("cpy", "inc", "dec"), cmd) {
    set args = $case(cmd, "cpy": $lb(arg2, arg1), "inc": $lb(arg1, arg1_" + 1"), : $lb(arg1, arg1_" - 1"))
    set result = " set "_$lts(args, " = ")
  }
  quit result
}

Spoiler. Task 25 have the same language with one more instruction. and with some little modifications in this code, becomes quite easy to solve that task, too.